Another problem with dirty teeth, according to Dr. Jeong? Inflammation. It can be caused throughout your body – not just in your mouth – by oral diseases such as gum disease or cavities. For example, when you have gum disease, your body produces inflammatory chemicals that, like bacteria, can circulate throughout your system, says Dr. Rosen. Why does this matter? Evidence suggests that inflammation may be a precipitating factor in the onset of metabolic syndrome, and elevated levels of these inflammatory markers are also closely linked to stroke and heart disease.6,7 “It’s possible that inflammation in the gums sets off a cascade that ultimately triggers inflammation in the cardiovascular system,” says Dr. Jeong.
This is especially bad news if you already have heart problems. Systemic inflammation can accelerate the development of atherosclerotic disease, a condition where your arteries thicken and harden, says Dr. Rosen. It can also contribute to blood clots and strokes.8 On the other hand, if you have periodontal disease, brushing your teeth twice a day can help reduce overall inflammation and increase your vascular function.9 (As a result, your risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is also likely to decrease, research suggests.4)
Another theory: oral health problems are thought to affect parts of your immune system — specifically, T cells and B cells — that can hinder your body’s ability to fight infections, among other body processes.2.10 Immune responses triggered by periodontitis, for example, have been linked to the development and progression of atherosclerosis, says Dr. Rosen.2
How to protect your teeth – and, ultimately, your heart
The good news: There’s a lot you can do to keep your teeth (and, by extension, your heart) healthy. The not-so-amazing news: Some people are genetically predisposed to oral and heart disease.10 But even then, genetics is not destiny: “Now that we know there is a strong genetic link, periodontitis patients should try to reduce their risk factors and take preventive measures at an early stage,” says Dr. Jeong.
So even if you’re more likely to have heart or mouth problems, most of the shared risk factors between the two—like smoking, consuming a ton of sugar, and (of course) neglecting to brush and floss— are in your control. That’s all to say: Keep your mouth clean. Brush your teeth for two minutes twice a day and floss daily (you can do this – we believe in you!). Replace your toothbrush every three to four months. If you have dental insurance or can afford to pay out of pocket, aim to see the dentist every six months. (You can also find less expensive dental care at community health centers, dental schools, or clinical trials—and here’s your OWN guide to taking great care of your teeth without insurance.) Talk to your primary care doctor primary care or dentist about any medications you take – some, such as antihistamines or antidepressants, can cause dry mouth and contribute to tooth and gum decay along with fungal infections.11
